Enhancing TCP with Cross-layer Notifications and Capacity Estimation in Heterogeneous Access Networks

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Study of Middle-box Behavior on Network Layer Protocols

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Study of Middle-box Behavior on Transport Layer Protocols

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FASOR Retransmission Timeout and Congestion Control Mechanism for CoAP

The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) has been designed to be used on constrained devices such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The existing congestion control algorithms for CoAP have known shortcomings in addressing congestion and retaining a good level of performance when link errors occur. In this paper, we propose Fast-Slow RTO (FASOR) mechanism that takes into account special needs in wireless environments while still properly addressing congestion. We run a series of experiments to confirm that FASOR is able to successfully cope with challenging network conditions such as bufferbloat, high level of congestion, and high link-error rates unlike the default and CoCoA congestion control that have severe problems with bufferbloated congestion.Peer reviewe

Technology hype, promises, and expectations: The discussion on small modular reactors in the Finnish newspaper 'Helsingin Sanomat' in 2000-2022

While the construction of collective promises is vital to the success of any techno-scientific innovation, it also entails the risk of overpromising and cycles of hype and disappointment. This article explores the discursive construction of the nuclear sector's latest promise concerning small modular reactors (SMRs), using Finland as an example. It provides a brief overview of the Finnish context of SMR development and analyzes it's coverage in the leading Finnish daily newspaper Helsingin Sanomat 2000-2022. Efforts at promise construction have so far been aimed at building legitimacy for SMRs, while strengthening credibility - another key element of successful promise construction - has only just begun. The increasing number of SMR-related articles indicates a growing hype, but the absence of a corresponding 'hype language' suggests that the considerable media attention does not automatically translate into emphatic media coverage and discursive hyping.Die Konstruktion kollektiver Versprechen ist zwar für den Erfolg jeder technologisch-wissenschaftlichen Innovation von entscheidender Bedeutung, birgt jedoch auch das Risiko allzu großer Versprechungen und Hype-Zyklen sowie Enttäuschung. Dieser Forschungsartikel untersucht die diskursive Konstruktion neuester Versprechen im Nuklearsektor am Beispiel kleiner modularer Reaktoren (SMRs) in Finnland. Er gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die SMR-Entwicklung in Finnland und analysiert die Berichterstattung in der führenden finnischen Tageszeitung Helsingin Sanomat zwischen 2000 und 2022. Bisher zielten die Bemühungen darauf ab, die Legitimität von SMRs zu stärken, während die Verbesserung der Glaubwürdigkeit - eine weitere wichtige Voraussetzung für die erfolgreiche Konstruktion von Versprechen - gerade erst begonnen hat. Die wachsende Zahl von SMR-bezogenen Artikeln deutet auf einen zunehmenden Hype hin, aber das Fehlen einer entsprechenden 'Hype-Sprache' legt nahe, dass die beträchtliche Medienaufmerksamkeit nicht automatisch zu einer verstärkten Medienberichterstattung und einem diskursiven Hype führt

Is CoAP Congestion Safe?

A huge number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices are expected to be connected to the Internet in the near future. The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) has been increasingly deployed for wide-area IoT communication. It is crucial to understand how the specified CoAP congestion control algorithms perform. We seek an answer to this question by performing an extensive evaluation of the existing IETF CoAP Congestion Control proposals. We find that they fail to address congestion properly, particularly in the presence of a bufferbloated bottleneck buffer. We also fix the problem with a few simple modifications and demonstrate their effectiveness.Peer reviewe

Bridge Networking Research and Internet Standardization: Case Study on Mobile Traffic Offloading and IPv6 Transition Technologies

Abstract. The gap between networking research communities and Internet standardization organizations (SDOs) has been growing over the years, which has drawn attention from both academic and industrial sides due to its detrimental impact. The reason behind this widening gap is complex and typically beyond the mere technology ground. In this position paper we share our perspectives toward this challenge based on our hands-on experience obtained from joint projects with universities and companies. We highlight the lessons learned, covering both successful and under-performed cases, and further suggest viable solutions to bridge the gap between networking research and Internet standardization, aiming to promote and maximize the outcome of such collaborative endeavours.

An Experimental Study of Home Gateway Characteristics

Many residential and small business users connect to the Internet via home gateways, such as DSL and cable modems. The characteristics of these devices heavily influence the quality and performance of the Internet service that these users receive. Anecdotal evidence suggests that an extremely diverse set of behaviors exists in the deployed base, forcing application developers to design for the lowest common denominator. This paper experimentally analyzes some characteristics of a substantial number of different home gateways: binding timeouts, queuing delays, throughput, protocol support and others.Peer reviewe

Performance Evaluation of Constrained Application Protocol over TCP

The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is specifically designed for constrained IoT devices and is being rapidly deployed for the communication needs of the IoT devices. CoAP has been specified with its own congestion control algorithms because it runs on top of UDP that does not include any congestion control measures. These algorithms aim at taking into account the specific needs of the IoT communication. The need of running CoAP also over TCP has arised recently and is expected to be increasingly deployed alongside with CoAP over UDP. To understand the benefits and shortcomings of both CoAP over TCP and CoAP over UDP, we run an extensive set of experiments in different network settings and compare the performance of CoAP over TCP to the existing congestion control algorithms for CoAP over UDP. Our results reveal that even though CoAP over TCP has its known limitations it scales well and performs even better than expected in certain wireless settings that CoAP over UDP algorithms are specifically designed for, often even outperforming CoAP over UDP.Peer reviewe